A review of the use of controlled multiple imputation in randomised controlled trials with missing outcome data

Ping-Tee Tan, Suzie Cro, Eleanor Van Vogt, Matyas Szigeti, Victoria R Cornelius

Controlled Multiple Imputation (MI) procedures, including delta-based and reference-based approaches, have been developed for analysis under missing-not-at-random assumptions. This review evaluates the current use and reporting of MI and controlled MI in RCTs.